沖擊電壓發(fā)生器 一種模仿雷電及操作過電壓等沖擊電壓的電源裝置。主要用于絕緣沖擊耐壓及介質(zhì)沖擊擊穿、放電等試驗(yàn)中（見圖）。
絕緣試驗(yàn)用沖擊電壓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)波形按照《高電壓試驗(yàn)技術(shù)》標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定：
雷電沖擊波T1/T2=1.2/50μs
操作沖擊波Tcr/T2=250/2500μs
工作原理沖擊電壓發(fā)生器通常都采用Marx回路，如圖1所示。
圖中C為級(jí)
圖中C1為主電容，又稱沖擊電容，它相當(dāng)于各級(jí)串聯(lián)后的總電容,即
;C2為負(fù)荷電容,即C2=C0，它包括調(diào)波電容、試品電容、測(cè)量設(shè)備（分壓器）電容及聯(lián)線等寄生電容;G 代表控制放電的球隙;Rf和Rt分別為波頭電阻和波尾電阻,它們相當(dāng)于各級(jí)rf和rt的總和，即Rf=nrf，Rt=nrt；U1為充電電壓,它相當(dāng)于各級(jí)串聯(lián)后的總電壓，即U1=nV；U2為輸出電壓,即所需的沖擊電壓。此等值電路相當(dāng)于單級(jí)沖擊電壓發(fā)生器的電路。根據(jù)電路分析，輸出電壓U2(t)為一雙指數(shù)函數(shù)
τ1>>τ2
參考此分析解，并根據(jù)實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)，沖擊電壓波形參數(shù)可按下式作近似估計(jì)：波前時(shí)間
半峰值時(shí)間 T2≈0.69Rt(C1+C2)
效率沖擊電壓發(fā)生器輸出電壓幅值V2m與充電電壓пV 之比稱作發(fā)生器的效率η，即 η=(V2m /nV)×100％
對(duì)雷電沖擊波，η一般約80％；對(duì)操作沖擊波，η有時(shí)僅60％。
沖擊電壓波形參數(shù)T1(Tcr)、T2及發(fā)生器效率η與回路結(jié)構(gòu)和參數(shù)有關(guān)，均需通過實(shí)際調(diào)試進(jìn)行調(diào)整和確定。
對(duì)于電力變壓器等帶有繞組的電力設(shè)備，通常還要求做雷電沖擊截波試驗(yàn)。沖擊電壓發(fā)生器外接一截?cái)嚅g隙即可產(chǎn)生沖擊截波。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)雷電截波是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)雷電沖擊波經(jīng)過2～6μs截?cái)嗟牟ㄐ巍?br /> 沖擊電壓發(fā)生器是高電壓試驗(yàn)室的基本試驗(yàn)設(shè)備之一。目前中國(guó)已建的沖擊電壓發(fā)生器zui高額定電壓為7.5MV，有的國(guó)家個(gè)別的高達(dá)10MV。
沖擊電壓發(fā)生器
YDH系列沖擊電壓發(fā)生器主要用于電力設(shè)備等試品進(jìn)行雷電沖擊電壓全波、雷電沖擊電壓截波和操作沖擊電壓波的沖擊電壓試驗(yàn)。多種波形沖擊電壓發(fā)生器可產(chǎn)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)雷電波、操作波、雷電截波、振蕩雷電波、振蕩操作波、線路絕緣子陡波、合成絕緣子陡波和變壓器感應(yīng)操作波共八種沖擊電壓波形，技術(shù)指標(biāo)符合國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和IEC標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的規(guī)定，主要技術(shù)性能處于國(guó)內(nèi)地位，達(dá)到同類產(chǎn)品的*水平。
◆成套裝置配套完整，電壓等級(jí)齊全
◆光纖—PLC通信控制，有效的解決了低電位抬高對(duì)控制系統(tǒng)的干擾，同時(shí)對(duì)操作人員也不會(huì)造成傷害。
◆沖擊電壓發(fā)生器回路電感小，并采取帶阻濾波措施，在大容量負(fù)載下仍能產(chǎn)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)沖擊波，負(fù)載能力大，電壓利用系數(shù)高，調(diào)波方便，操作簡(jiǎn)單 同步性能好，動(dòng)作可靠。
◆YDH系列各種容量成套沖擊電壓試驗(yàn)裝置。并可提供多種波形系列成 套沖擊電壓發(fā)生器。沖擊試驗(yàn)裝置主要由：發(fā)生器本體、截波、分壓器、全自動(dòng)沖擊控制操作臺(tái)及數(shù)字化波形記錄系統(tǒng)等組成。沖擊電壓發(fā)生器全自動(dòng)試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)成套設(shè)備裝置,為超小輕便型緊湊型結(jié)構(gòu),回路和電感量極小, 設(shè)備能量小卻帶載能力大
◆沖擊電壓發(fā)生器適用范圍：
變壓器、電抗器、互感器及其它高壓電器、高壓晶閘管閥SVC (HVDC)、電力電纜、各類高壓絕緣子、套管等試品的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)雷電沖擊，雷電截?cái)嗖?，操作沖擊及用戶要求的非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)沖擊波的各類沖擊電壓試驗(yàn)。一套設(shè)備就可產(chǎn)生多種試驗(yàn)波形（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的和非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的波形，用戶提出來的波形）。
◆ 沖擊電壓發(fā)生器適用領(lǐng)域：
電力設(shè)備制造廠，鐵路通信，軍工科研單位，大專院校以及氣象等部門的防雷和雷電試驗(yàn)。
采用恒流充電自動(dòng)控制技術(shù)，自動(dòng)化程度高，抗*力強(qiáng)； 采用沖擊波形數(shù)字測(cè)量分析系 統(tǒng)和沖擊試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)微機(jī)在線處理系統(tǒng)
Impulse voltage generator
Number: GD201311300035
Specification: YDH
Product name: YDH impulse voltage generator
YDH series of impulse voltage generator is mainly used for electric power equipment such as try to full wave lightning impulse voltage, lightning impulse voltage wave and the impact of the impulse voltage wave voltage test operation. The variety of waveform impulse voltage generator can produce standard thunder electric wave, operation, lightning wave, thunder electric wave, oscillations wave operation, line insulator, composite insulator, steep steep front surge, and transformer induction operation wave eight kinds of impulse voltage waveform, the provisions of the technical indicators meet the national standards and IEC standards, the main technical performance in the domestic leading position, reached the international advanced level of similar products.
Complete sets of equipment matching complete, the voltage grade is complete
Optical fiber communication control - PLC, effectively solve the low potential drive up to the control system of interference, at the same time also won't cause harm to operators.
Small pieces of impulse voltage generator circuit inductance, and band-stop filter measures, generates a standard under the large capacity load shock wave, large load capacity, high voltage utilization coefficient, the wave is convenient, simple operation Synchronization performance is good, reliable operation.
Mixer YDH series of complete sets of various capacity impulse voltage test apparatus. And can provide a variety of waveform series into a set of impulse voltage generator. Impact test device is mainly composed of: generator ontology, impact cutting wave, voltage divider, automatic control work station and digital waveform records system, etc. Impulse voltage generator complete sets of equipment, automatic test system for the ultra small portable compact structure, loop inductance and tiny, energy of equipment, with great capacity
Impulse voltage generator scope of application:
Transformer, reactor, transformers and other high voltage electrical equipment, high voltage thyristor valve SVC (HVDC), power cable, all kinds of high voltage insulator, casing and other products of standard lightning, lightning chopping wave, operation and user requirements of all kinds of non-standard shockwave impulse voltage test. A set of equipment can produce a variety of test waveforms (standard and non-standard waveform, the user of waveform).
Impulse voltage generator application fields:
Power equipment manufacturing factory, railway communication, military scientific research units, colleges and universities as well as the meteorological departments such as lightning and thunder and lightning.
The constant current charging automatic control technology, high automation degree, strong anti-interference ability; Using digital analysis system for measuring the shock waveform and impact test data microcomputer processing system online
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